SPF lists sending IPs. DKIM signs content. DMARC demands that at least one of those results aligns with the From domain, then applies a policy. Skipping DMARC is how a domain with perfect SPF still gets impersonated in the visible From header.
A sane order of operations
- Get MX right so you still receive mail. MX guide.
- Inventory every sender: Workspace, Microsoft 365, billing, CRM, “that form plugin.”
- SPF includes for each, one record, watch the 10-lookup cap. SPF.
- DKIM for each sender under your domain. DKIM.
- DMARC
p=nonewith reports, then quarantine, then reject. DMARC.
Mailbox providers now publish bulk-sender requirements that assume this stack. Treating DNS as optional is how newsletters start landing in spam after a quiet policy change at Gmail or Yahoo.
Run SPF & DMARC and DKIM on production, not just on the domain you remember.